remaining surplus

残り(のこり)	The remaining (food on the plate); the remainder (of the kittens which were not adopted)

余り(あまり)	The excess, surplus (excess labor drives down wages)

余計(よけい)	Uncalled-for, un-necessary – much more negative than 余り.

過剰(かじょう)	A business word for overstock, over-population, over- anything.